Cotyledons
Linear shape

Roots
Taproot and fibrous

Stem
Erect, often branched
fleshy, hollow

True Leaves
Alternate
Irregular leaf shape
Upper leaves clasp stem
Lower leaves stalked
Staircase-like toothed margins

Flowers
Yellow cylindrical heads
at end of branches
Smooth black bracts found at the
bottom of the flower heads

Habitat
Cultivated fields, roadsides, waste areas

Note
Seeds remain viable in the soil for many years
Poisonous to livestock, Pyrrelizidine alkaloides
cause liver damage in horses and cattle